About the Measure
| Domains | Motivation, goal orientation and perseverance |
| Key stages | Key Stage 3 |
| Subscales | Task orientation; Avoidance orientation; Self-defeating ego orientation; Self-enhancing ego-orientation |
| Description | This measure is designed to assess goal orientations in school. |
| Example | At school it is important for me to avoid looking stupid |
| Link | http://psycnet.apa.org/record/1997-07777-006 |
| Psychometry | |
| Implementation |
Implementation details
| No. of items | 16 |
| Format | Likert |
| Respondent | Self |
| Scoring | Standardised |
| Time | 0 |
| Age | 12-14 |
| Cost single purchase | Available in jou |
| Cost per child | Available in jou |
Psychometric details
| UK norms | No |
| Cronbach's α | .61-.82 |
| Test retest | Not reported |
| Inter-rater reliability | Not reported |
| EFA | 4-factor oblique |
| CFA | Not reported |
| Criterion validity | Not reported |
| Construct validity | Not reported |
| Concurrent validity | Task orientation was positively related to academic self-concept, self-efficacy for schoolwork, and self-esteem (beta= .25, .20, and .30, respectively); Avoidance orientation was negatively related to academic self-concept beta= -.15; Self-enhancing ego orientation was positively related to academic self-concept, self-efficacy for schoolwork, and self-esteem (beta= .23, .34, and .12, respectively); Self-defeating ego orientation was negatively related to the same variables beta= -.33, -.19, and -.39, respectively). |
| Predictive validity | Not reported |
| Responsiveness | Not reported |
| Floor/Ceiling | Not reported |
| References | Skaalvik, E. M. (1997). Self-enhancing and self-defeating ego orientation: Relations with task and avoidance orientation, achievement, self-perceptions, and anxiety. Journal of Educational Psychology, 89(1), 71-81. doi:10.1037//0022-0663.89.1.71 |