About the Measure
| Domains | Perceptions of Self |
| Key stages | Key Stage 2 |
| Subscales | Optimism; Pessimism |
| Description | Measures early emerging generalised expectancies of positive and negative outcomes. |
| Example | When entering a new situation, my child expects to have fun |
| Link | http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/per.742/full |
| Psychometry | |
| Implementation |
Implementation details
| No. of items | 8 |
| Format | Likert |
| Respondent | Parent |
| Scoring | Standardised |
| Time | 0 |
| Age | 8 |
| Cost single purchase | Available in jou |
| Cost per child | Available in jou |
Psychometric details
| UK norms | No |
| Cronbach's α | .68-.81 |
| Test retest | Not reported |
| Inter-rater reliability | Not reported |
| EFA | Not reported |
| CFA | 2-factor model Chi-square(88)= 147.83 p=0.001 Chi-square/df= 1.68 RMSEA = .06 CFI = .93 |
| Criterion validity | Not reported |
| Construct validity | The parent-rated optimism and pessimism of the child were significantly related to the parents’ self-ratings of their own dispositional optimism (B= 0.27, SE= 0.06, t= 4.51, p<0.001) and pessimism (B= 0.19, SE= 0.06, t= 2.97, p= 0.003). |
| Concurrent validity | Not reported |
| Predictive validity | Not reported |
| Responsiveness | Not reported |
| Floor/Ceiling | Not reported |
| References | Lemola, S., Räikkönen, K., Matthews, K. A., Scheier, M. F., Heinonen, K., Pesonen, A.-K., … Lahti, J. (2010). A new measure for dispositional optimism and pessimism in young children. European Journal of Personality, 24(1), 71-84. doi:10.1002/per.742 |