About the Measure
| Domains | Mental health and wellbeing, Perceptions of Self |
| Key stages | Key Stage 2, Key Stage 3, Key Stage 4, Key Stage 5 |
| Subscales | Competence; Confidence; Character; Caring; Connection |
| Description | The short PYD student questionnaire measures the 5 C’s (Competence, Connection, Confidence, Caring and Character) and was developed as part of the 4-H Study of Positive Youth Development. |
| Example | How important are each of the following to you in your life… I feel my friends are good friends |
| Link | https://ase.tufts.edu/iaryd/researchPositive4HpydResources.htm |
| Psychometry | |
| Implementation |
Implementation details
| No. of items | 34 |
| Format | Likert |
| Respondent | Self |
| Scoring | Standardised |
| Time | 0 |
| Age | 10-18 |
| Cost single purchase | Available in jou |
| Cost per child | Available in jou |
Psychometric details
| UK norms | No |
| Cronbach's α | .80-.93 |
| Test retest | Not reported |
| Inter-rater reliability | Not reported |
| EFA | 5 separate EFAs< |
| CFA | Bifactor model Chi-square(2563)= 4500.22 p < .001 RMSEA = .02 CFI = .96 TLI = .95 |
| Criterion validity | Not reported |
| Construct validity | Significant negative relationships were found with depression r= [-.57,-.06], measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale. Significant negative relationships were found with risk behaviours (Search Institute’s Profiles of Student Life-Attitudes and Behaviors), r= [-.56,-.11] |
| Concurrent validity | Not reported |
| Predictive validity | Not reported |
| Responsiveness | Not reported |
| Floor/Ceiling | Not reported |
| References | Geldhof, G. J., Bowers, E. P., Boyd, M. J., Mueller, M. K., Napolitano, C. M., Schmid, K. L., ... Lerner, R. M. (2014). Creation of short and very short measures of the five Cs of positive youth development. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24(1), 163-176. doi:10.1111/jora.12039 |