About the Measure
| Domains | Mental health and wellbeing, Social and Emotional Competence |
| Key stages | Key Stage 1, Key Stage 2, Key Stage 3, Key Stage 4 |
| Subscales | Emotional symptoms; Conduct problems; Hyperactivity/inattention; Peer relationship problems; Prosocial behaviour |
| Description | This is population screening measure designed to identify internalising, externalising and hyperactive symptoms, as well as prosocial skills. |
| Example | Considerate of other people's feelings |
| Link | http://www.sdqinfo.com/py/sdqinfo/b0.py |
| Psychometry | |
| Implementation |
Implementation details
| No. of items | 25 |
| Format | Likert |
| Respondent | Multiple |
| Scoring | Standardised |
| Time | 0 |
| Age | 4-16 |
| Cost single purchase | Paper: Free |
| Cost per child | Paper: free |
Psychometric details
| UK norms | Yes |
| Cronbach's α | .62-.85 |
| Test retest | 4-6 months, r= .62 |
| Inter-rater reliability | r= [.37,.58] between self-report and parent-report; r= [.24,.39] between self-report and teacher-report |
| EFA | Not reported |
| CFA | CFI=0.90 TLI=0.95 RMSEA=.05 |
| Criterion validity | Not reported |
| Construct validity | Baseline and 3-year follow-up prevalence of emotional, behavioural, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) generally showed monotonic increases across the full range of the corresponding parent, teacher and youth SDQ subscales at baseline (results available from www.sdqinfo.com/point_ by_point.pdf) |
| Concurrent validity | Not reported |
| Predictive validity | Multi-informant Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (parents, teachers, older children) identified individuals with a psychiatric diagnosis with a specificity of 94.6% (95% CI 94.1-95.1%) and a sensitivity of 63.3% (59.7-66.9%) |
| Responsiveness | Yes |
| Floor/Ceiling | Not reported |
| References | Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581-586. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01545.x Goodman, R., Meltzer, H., & Bailey, V. (1998). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A pilot study on the validity of the self-report version. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 7, 125-130. doi:10.1007/s007870050057 Goodman, A., Lamping, D.L., & Ploubidis, G. (2010). When to use broader internalising and externalising subscales instead of the hypothesised five subscales on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): data from British parents, teachers and children. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 38, 1179-1191. doi:10.1007/s10802-010-9434-x |